Note: the overview per supervisor is likely partially incomplete.


Year Student ThesisSupervisorsProgrammeContent
2025‑2026Oleksa, M. (Mateusz)Trust Me, I’m a Chatbot: The Effect of Parasocial Cues on the Confor...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Dr. T. KouwenhovenDSAI
2025‑2026Reitter, CJConformity, Comfortability, and Chatbots: How Virtual Avatars Affect t...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Lamers, dr. M.H.DSAI
2025‑2026Yao, Y. (Yuning)How XAI Explanation Formats Influence Human Judgment in AI-Assisted Mi...Soydaner, dr. D., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2025‑2026Girotti, L. (Luca)Secure Domain Adaptation of Mistral-7B for Banking: Fine-Tuning and Re...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Verberne, prof.dr. S.CS
2025‑2026Radunovic, N. (Nicholas)A Two-Track Evaluation of LLM and NMT Translation for Regulated Pensio...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Plaza-del-Arco, dr. F.M.CS
2024‑2025San Juan Palacios, D. (Daniel)Embodied LLMs Spatial Perception, Understanding, and PredictionBroekens, dr.ir. D.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.DSAI
2024‑2025Tsoi, D. (Dominic)ClarinetNet: Enhancing the Transcription of Wind InstrumentsSaunders, dr. R., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.DSAI
2024‑2025Haan, I.B. de (Ian)The Impact of Reasoning on LLM Performance in ToM tasksPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Duijn van, dr. M.J.DSAI
2024‑2025Lens, P. (Pepijn)Threshold-Tunable U-Net for Small Target Detection in Maritime Radar: ...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Pelt, dr. D.M.DSAI
2024‑2025Rentmeester, M. (Max)Designing for Interaction: Strategic Approaches to Increasing Engageme...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Verbeek, prof.dr.ir. F.J., D. MastCrIT
2024‑2025Smid, Y. E. (Yanna)Mirror Mode: Your Biggest Enemy is YourselfPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Plaat, prof.dr. A.CrIT
2024‑2025Oprel, D. (Diederik)A framework for a centralized external RPA orchestratorKruiswijk, J.B., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2024‑2025Kooten, B. van (Bram)Reference Attribution in AI-powered Voting GuidesPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Verberne, prof.dr. S.CS
2024‑2025Kroes, B. (Brandon)The Socio-Cognitive NPC Interaction LadderPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Gómez Maureira, dr. M.A.CS
2024‑2025Rooijen, H. van (Hidde)Enhancing the Reliability of Model Evaluations in Predictive Process M...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., prof.dr. H. MulderCS
2024‑2025Vlieger, M. de (Max)Using AI to predict physical properties and affordances for AI-generat...Haring, prof.dr. S., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.I&E
2024‑2025Andika Baskara, B. (Bas)Cross-linguistic Social Bias in LLMs: Investigating the Role of Gramma...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Dr. F.M. Plaza del ArcoI&E
2024‑2025Bos, R.M.A. (Renier)Enhancing RAG-Based Question Answering: A Case Study on Chunking, Prom...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Broekens, dr.ir. D.J.I&E
2024‑2025Gulijk, R. van (Renske)Digitizing Human Expertise in Process MiningPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Plaat, prof.dr. A.I&E
2024‑2025Popa, V. (Vlad)Ask it Everything: Drivers of GenAI Overreliance among University Stud...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. M.P.H.D. CleirenI&E
2023‑2024Berkel, R. van (Razo)The Effect of Visual Cues on Theory of Mind abilities in Multimodal AIDuijn van, dr. M.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., KouwenhovenDSAI
2023‑2024Sleeuwaegen, R. (Ryan)The Effect of Robot Personality on Gameplay InteractionBroekens, dr.ir. D.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.DSAI
2023‑2024Besse, C. (Céline) Do Robots Dream of Moss Fields? An exploration of mutualism between ro...Saunders, dr. R., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2023‑2024Tong, Y. (Yiming)Design Me So Trust Me! The Effect of Self-designing Chatbot Anthropomo...Lamers, dr. M.H., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2023‑2024Breed, Z. (Zoë)Algae Alight: Exploring the Performability of Bioluminescent Organisms...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. B. BaratiCrIT
2023‑2024Vries, K. (Kasper) Redirection Masking Strategies: Understanding the Implementation and A...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Prof. Dr. E. LangbehnCrIT
2023‑2024Vogt, M.W. (Max)Providing Domain Knowledge for Process Mining with ReWOO-based AgentsPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Prof. dr. ir. H.A. ReijersIiB&PS
2023‑2024Buurman, W. den (Wout)Embracing AI in Education: Assessing the Acceptance and Potential of C...Saunders, dr. R., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2023‑2024Gans, J.S. (Jesse Simon)Combining AI Art and Blockchain for Decentralized Collaboration, Enhan...Saunders, dr. R., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2023‑2024Hendrikse, S.C.F. (Sophie)Relationship-Specific and Relationship-Independent Behavioural Adaptiv...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., J. TreurCS
2023‑2024Otten, R.M. (Roan)What Different Business Models Can Be Identified in the Market for AI ...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Duijn van, dr. M.J.I&E
2023‑2024Klaver, A. (Arie)LLM Personalization Using Summarization: A Robotic Fitness Coach Case ...Broekens, dr.ir. D.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.Inf
2023‑2024Serraris, A. (Alexander)Assessing Corporate Communication Alignment with Stated Goals Using La...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Visser, prof.dr.ir. J.M.W.Inf
2022‑2023Paqué, S. (Sven) The Generation of Evolving Drum Sequences Using Artificial Intelligenc...Heide van der, E., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.DSAI
2022‑2023Noordenne van, MariseIIA4XAI: Interactive Installation Art to Increase Non-Expert User Enga...Saunders, dr. R., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2022‑2023Mintjes, MaartenSocrates, Aristotle and the Near Future of AI EthicsPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Eduard Fosch-VillarongaCrIT
2022‑2023Roman, K. (Kamil)Streetwear: What is the Hype about?Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., L. HarkesCrIT
2022‑2023Kats, Timo Using relevance feedback and text similarity to reduce review effort ...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., prof. dr. Ir. J.C. ScholtesIiB&PS
2022‑2023Tsiftsi, KaterinaThe effect of robot errors on children in the context of educationBroekens, dr.ir. D.J., Dr. Mike Ligthart, Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2022‑2023Liang, YuanStyle Matters: Evaluation on Communication Styles of a Restaurant Robo...Broekens, dr.ir. D.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2022‑2023Muizelaar, HielkeExploring Dutch BERT models extracting lifestyle characteristics from ...Spruit, prof.dr. M.R., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2022‑2023Smit, TazA study into human interaction with dysfunctional social behavior in r...Broekens, dr.ir. D.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2022‑2023Linden, Nick van derRumour Detection for Dutch TwitterPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Rijn van, dr. J.N.CS
2022‑2023Visser, B. (Boele)AI and Avatars: The Effects of Gender Appearance, Collaboration and Di...Zohrehvand, dr. A.H., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.I&E
2022‑2023Piké, R. (Rens)Benchmarking Large Language Models for Domain-Specific SummarizationPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Ramackers, dr. G.J.I&E
2022‑2023Schaik, C. van (Camiel)CompAI: A user-friendly software tool to support the CapAI procedure f...Visser, prof.dr.ir. J.M.W., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.Inf
2022‑2023Tseng, R. (Rayden)Comparing human opinions to GPT-3.5 generated opinions on Dutch news a...Verberne, prof.dr. S., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.Inf
2022Stikkolorum, D.R. (Dave)Studies into Interactive Didactic Design Approaches for Learning Softw...Chaudron, prof.dr. M.R.V., Plaat, prof.dr. A., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.PhD
2021‑2022Thambwe, AnastasiaWhen the Game Shows the Player – A Study about Games for Leadership ...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Gómez Maureira, dr. M.A.CrIT
2021‑2022Griffioen,PepijnGenerating process models from textual requirements using transformer ...Ramackers, dr. G.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2021‑2022Zhang, YiProviding Insights into Software Usage through Data Mining: Use Case ...Ramackers, dr. G.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2021‑2022Heath, C.Natural Language Processing for lifestyle recognition in discharge sum...Spruit, prof.dr. M.R., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2021‑2022Hou, Y.Stance Detection on Twitter for COVID-19 MisinformationVerberne, prof.dr. S., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2021‑2022Congleton, C.[Tracing Political Positioning]Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Verberne, prof.dr. S.CS
2021‑2022Vasanth, N.VocalFlows: A co-creative AI to suggest vocal flowsPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Saunders, dr. R.CS
2021‑2022Vink, T.Classification of bank transactions into multi-class, nonuniformly dis...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Rijn van, dr. J.N.CS
2021‑2022Dijke, J. (Job) van Extracting Characteristics of Emotions from AudioBroekens, dr.ir. D.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.Inf
2021‑2022Al-nassar, S. (Suzan)The Discovery of Underlying Topics within Coronavirus-Related ArticlesPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., J. SchellingInf
2020‑2021Nales, Y.Deciding the Fate of the World on a Daily Basis: Comparing Rationality...Lamers, dr. M.H., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2020‑2021Barancová, A.Google, What are Algorithms?Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. Christian KatzenbachCrIT
2020‑2021Mollen, J.Bonding with BlockBot: a Field Exploration of the Effect of Common Loc...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. Kate DarlingCrIT
2020‑2021Guo, ZhenyuWhen can BERT beat SVM? Replication of four text classification papers...Verberne, prof.dr. S., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2020‑2021Zhao, XueyuThe effect of robot role and reading comprehension on children's learn...Broekens, dr.ir. D.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2020‑2021Kats, T.Differentiating Commercial and Editorial ContentPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., J. SchellingI&E
2020‑2021Bouter, D. (David)Knowing the difference between news and opinion An explorative researc...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Verberne, prof.dr. S.Inf
2019‑2020Isguzar, E.How Much Do You Blame a Robot That Harms Someone? On the Relationship ...Duijn van, dr. M.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Lamers, dr. M.H.CrIT
2019‑2020Mason, C.Identity and Uncertainty in Social Influence: An Agent-based ApproachDuijn van, dr. M.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2019‑2020Zakas, L.Artifcial Intelligence Implications for VJingLamers, dr. M.H., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2019‑2020Manganello, G.Consent and the Illusion of Autonomy in EU Data Protection: the Necess...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Lamers, dr. M.H.CrIT
2019‑2020Mols, E.Algorithmic Authority: Motives Behind Relinquishing Decision-making to...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. F. (Francien) DechesneCrIT
2019‑2020Kievit, StijnTo Churn or Not to Churn: A Comparative StudyWeeren van, drs. N., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2019‑2020Tsiaousis, Michail Learning Context for Weakly-Supervised Action Detection using Graph Co...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., G. BurghoutsCS
2019‑2020Verschuur, L. (Luit)The Impact of the Naturalness of a Robot’s Voice on Human-Robot-Inte...Broekens, dr.ir. D.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.Inf
2019‑2020Kaur, K. (Kirandeep)To What Extent Can We Use Machine Learning to Predict the Emotion of a...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., J. SchellingInf
2018‑2019Hu, Z.Machine Learning Bias GamePutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Menno IsraelCrIT
2018‑2019Schreuter, D.Conformity with Conversational AssistantsPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Lamers, dr. M.H.CrIT
2018‑2019Vilsteren, S. vanThe Effect of Mediated Plants on a Divergent Thinking Test in Virtual ...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Avinash ChangaCrIT
2018‑2019Latenko, AlexanderEncoding Fair RepresentationsVeenman, dr. C.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2017‑2018Bouzias, G.Uniqueness in Air-Drawing of SymbolsHeide van der, E., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2017‑2018Chocholi, A.Pursuing Pleasure through Fear: Can Being Scared in the Virtual World ...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. Roberta SellaroCrIT
2017‑2018Elid Della Monica, T.Instagram Happiness Index: Do People Portray Themselves Happier than T...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., prof.dr. Ruut VeenhovenCrIT
2017‑2018Hees, M. vanDisciples of the Heinous Path: Social Network Structure and Genre Hier...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Lamers, dr. M.H.CrIT
2017‑2018Schelling, J.Going Native: Doing Data Science to Understand User BehaviourPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. I.J. (Ingrid) MulderCrIT
2017‑2018Szabo, M.Sound and Shape: Implementing Findings from Crossmodal ResearchPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Heide van der, E.CrIT
2017‑2018Griffioen, P. (Pepijn)Aligning an Industry Data Model with Applications in Real Estatedr. M.C. van Wezel, Kosters, dr. W.A., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.I&E
2017Radosavljevik, D. (Dejan)Applying Data Mining in TelecommunicationsKok, prof.dr. J.N., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.PhD
2016‑2017Young, J.Effects Caused by Surveyor Visualization Types on Honesty in Surveys a...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2016‑2017Koutsougeras, ParisAssessment of Master Data Quality in a Multinational Environment - CON...leFever, dr. H.T., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2016‑2017Boven, Bas vanRobust Real-time Action Classification using Single-Shot Convolutional...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Plaat, prof.dr. A.IiB&PS
2015‑2016Bos, X.Computer Assisted Brainstorming: Which Ideation Tool is Best and What ...Lamers, dr. M.H., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2015‑2016Oldenhof, D.Can a Physical 3-Dimensional Display Improve the Understanding of Topo...Heide van der, E., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2015‑2016Arenas Rebolledo, Y.A Test for a Lovelace MachinePutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Lamers, dr. M.H.CrIT
2015‑2016Ruyg, M.Does the Data Doppelgänger Reside in the Uncanny Valley?Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2015‑2016Yousefi, H.Guiding Through the Dawn: Effects of Visual Stimuli and Aids on Early-...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Duijn van, dr. M.J.CrIT
2015‑2016Zhang, YanHumor Recognition Based on Background Knowledge: A Preliminary StudyEnrique Larios Vargas, Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2015‑2016Soekhoe, DeepakOn the Impact of Data Set Size in Transfer Learning using Deep Neural ...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Plaat, prof.dr. A.IiB&PS
2015‑2016Post, M. (Martijn)Mythbusting Data Mining Urban Legends through Large Scale Experimentat...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Rijn van, dr. J.N.Inf
2015Osman, M.H.B. (Mohd)Interactive Scalable Condensation of Reverse Engineered UML Class Diag...Kok, prof.dr. J.N., Chaudron, prof.dr. M.R.V., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.PhD
2014/2015Georgios LampropoulosLearning choreography through visual perspective-takingHeide van der, E., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2014/2015Sam VerkoelenExploring dimensionality reduction on semi-structured photos: a closer...Lamers, dr. M.H., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2014/2015Bernd DudzikHaving a heart-to-heart: Exploring the capacity of heartbeat-feedback ...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Broekens, dr.ir. D.J.CrIT
2014/2015Jiang ZhenghuaThe Effects of Combining Video and Music with Conflicting Emotional Co...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Lamers, dr. M.H.CrIT
2014/2015Jorrit SiebelinkMessage Framing Seen Through the Eyes of a Warrior: Studying the Frami...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., M.C. Kaptein (Tilburg University)CrIT
2014/2015Jules VerdijkEvolving Affective Abstract Art through Measures Learned from a Corpus...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. Eelco den HeijerCrIT
2014/2015Livia Teernstra(A)moral Machine: exploring the creation and application of an automat...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Verbeek, prof.dr.ir. F.J., dr. L. Noordegraaf-EelensCrIT
2014/2015Paul KasteleynImproving depth awareness for divers in free ascendPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., PostCrIT
2014/2015Sabrina VerhageTrack&Trace: Improving the chance for serendipitous encounters in urba...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. Chris KievidCrIT
2014‑2015Pielage, StijnMobile Business Intelligence & Analytics at KLM - CONFIDENTIALPlaat, prof.dr. A., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2013/2014Andres Pardo RodriguezSay Cheese! Taking Pictures in the RijksmuseumPutten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2013/2014Arne BoonForgetick: Reminding to Forget in Digital CulturePutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Haring, prof.dr. S.CrIT
2013/2014Guido HuijserThe Relation between Expectations and Appraisal in Music Discovery dri...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Lamers, dr. M.H.CrIT
2013‑2014Alaeikhanehshir, MohammadBusiness Intelligence Improvement: How to systematically maturate Busi...leFever, dr. H.T., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2012‑2013Bogdanov, R. (Rosen)Can Sonic Feedback from Human-Plant Interaction Increase Connectedness...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CrIT
2012‑2013Nordeman, B. (Berend)An Exploration in Online Storage on PaperPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Haring, prof.dr. S.CrIT
2012‑2013Blikman, RicardoRanking of Multi-Word TermsKok, prof.dr. J.N., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2012‑2013Altinay Soyer, SeherData Quality Management, A Solvency II PerspectivePutten van der, dr. P.W.H., dr. E. CaronIiB&PS
2012‑2013Masey, JonathanA conceptual model: Identifying the drivers of pricing elasticity in E...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2012‑2013Wahyuni, IrnaProviding Mobile Money to Unbanked CustomersPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., leFever, dr. H.T.IiB&PS
2013Kusuma, P. (Palupi)Extending Traditional Telcom Chum Prediction using Social Network DataPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Takes, prof.dr. F.W.CS
2012Iliev, M. (Martin)A Method for Automated Prediction of Defect Severity using OntologiesChaudron, prof.dr. M.R.V., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2011Kentsch, A. (Adrian)Exploratory Recommendations Using Wikipedia's Linking StructureKosters, dr. W.A., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Takes, prof.dr. F.W.IiB&PS
2009Dejan RadosavljevikPrepaid Churn Modeling Using Customer Experience Management Key Perfor...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2007G. VasquezThe role of datamining in the provision of relative value of growth Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2007Xu, N. (Ning)Explanation Interfaces in Recommender SystemsPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.IiB&PS
2007Z. NiRecommendations for an improved transactional forecasting toolPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Bäck, prof.dr. T.H.W., M. Lycklama à NijeholtIiB&PS
2006Lei TaoUsing genetic programming to find optimal purchase-ordering rules Bäck, prof.dr. T.H.W., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2006Gao, C. (Chong)Simulation and Optimization on Analytical and Collaborative Customer R...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.IiB&PS
2006Maat, B. (Bastiaan)The Need for Fusing Head & Neck Cancer DataPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.IiB&PS
2006Rui ChenApplication of Collaborative Filtering Algorithm in Bioinformatics Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.IiB&PS
2006Starkenburg, T. (Thijs) vanImproving Cancer Survivability Prognostication SoftwareKok, prof.dr. J.N., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2005Daniel van HiltenWhat is the impact of cultural differences on multi-site software deve...Prof. dr. H.P. (Hans) Borgman, Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2005Wei ZhangEvolving trading rules with a hybrid genetic programming and evolution...Bäck, prof.dr. T.H.W., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2005Willem VolkeriWhat is the impact of cultural differences on multi-site software deve...dr. H.P. Borgman, Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.IiB&PS
2005Prieto Ballon, S. (Sergio)Crime Data Mining Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.IiB&PS
2005Sun, L. (Lina)Making the Right Offer to the Right Customer: Strategies for Real Worl...Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.IiB&PS
2005Sun, Z. (Zhaochun)Improve Data Reliability for Fused Data in Data Mining Putten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.IiB&PS
2005Liu, J. (Jinshuo)Shape Analysis and Pattern Recognition in Pathogen Yeast Cryptococcus ...Verbeek, prof.dr.ir. F.J., Putten van der, dr. P.W.H.CS
2004Meng, L. (Lingjun)Artificial Immune System for Knowledge DiscoveryPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.IiB&PS
2001Pelt, X. (Xander) vanThe Fusion Factor: A Constrained Data Fusion ApproachPutten van der, dr. P.W.H., Kosters, dr. W.A.CS